Predicting cyber aggression based on family emotional climate and feelings of failure in adolescents aged 12 to 18 in Gachsaran city

Abstract

The present study aimed to predict cyber aggression based on family emotional climate and feelings of failure in adolescents aged 12 to 18 in Gachsaran city. This study was of applied purpose and in terms of methodology, the method it followed was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all adolescents aged 12 to 18 in Gachsaran city who were studying in the 1404-1405 academic year and in the first secondary school (seventh, eighth, ninth) and second secondary school (tenth, eleventh and twelfth). From the statistical population, based on the Morgan Krejci table (1987) and using multi-stage cluster random sampling, 361 adolescents aged 12 to 18 in Gachsaran city were selected and studied. To collect data, the questionnaires of family emotional climate by Hillburn (1964), feelings of failure by Gilbert and Allen (1998) and cyber aggression were used. After collecting and extracting data, the participants' scores were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and SPSS-26 statistical software. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant positive correlation between the sense of failure score and cyber aggression in adolescents (p<0.01). There is also a significant negative correlation between the family emotional atmosphere score and cyber aggression in adolescents (p<0.01). The regression results also showed that among the components of the family emotional atmosphere, the subscales of affection with a beta coefficient of -0.14, caressing with a beta coefficient of -0.12, approving with a beta coefficient of -0.10, shared experiences with a beta coefficient of -0.19, gift giving with a beta coefficient of -0.10, and feeling of security with a beta coefficient of -0.11 were able to negatively predict cyber aggression in adolescents. The subscale of feeling of stagnation with a beta coefficient of 0.17 and feeling of loss with a beta coefficient of 0.12 were able to positively predict cyber aggression in adolescents. Considering the protective role of the family's emotional climate, it is suggested that educational programs for parents be designed and implemented to improve emotional relationships with children, increase emotional support, and strengthen effective communication in families.