Relationship of Behavioral Activation and Inhibition System and Fear of Intimacy with Psychosomatic Symptoms in Individuals with Psychosomatic Complaints

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the relationships of behavioral activation and inhibition system and fear of intimacy with psychosomatic symptoms and to determine their predictive role among individuals with psychosomatic complaints. This applied quantitative study employed a descriptive-correlational design. The study population consisted of individuals with psychosomatic symptoms attending psychological and psychiatric centers in Rasht, whose symptoms had been confirmed by a psychologist. A total of 120 participants were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Carver and White Behavioral Inhibition/Behavioral Activation Systems (BIS/BAS) Scales, the Descutner and Thelen Fear of Intimacy Scale, and the Lacourt et al. Psychosomatic Symptoms Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 through correlation and multiple regression analyses. Psychosomatic symptoms were positively and significantly correlated with the behavioral inhibition system (r=0.72, p<0.01) and the behavioral activation system (r=0.90, p<0.01). Fear of intimacy was also positively and significantly associated with psychosomatic symptoms (r=0.27, p<0.01). Regression analysis indicated that the model predicting psychosomatic symptoms was statistically significant (F=468.33, p<0.001), and the combined behavioral inhibition-activation system significantly predicted psychosomatic symptoms (β=0.831, t=16.22, p<0.001). Greater sensitivity of behavioral activation and inhibition systems and higher fear of intimacy are associated with greater psychosomatic symptom severity. Accordingly, assessment of threat- and reward-related behavioral sensitivity together with interpersonal difficulties involving intimacy may contribute to a more comprehensive psychological evaluation of individuals presenting with psychosomatic symptoms.