Exploring the Semantic Dimensions of Perceived Psychological Support Among Inpatients in Psychiatric Wards: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the semantic dimensions of perceived psychological support among inpatients in psychiatric wards. This qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 23 inpatients at psychiatric wards in Tehran, selected via purposive sampling until theoretical saturation was reached. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed in three stages (open, axial, and selective coding) using NVivo12 software. Data analysis led to the identification of three main themes: quality of therapist–patient relationship, structure of the inpatient environment, and patients’ mental and emotional experiences. Subthemes included active listening and attention, respect for individuality, reassurance, supportive physical environment, staff support, supportive regulations, peer support, sense of worth, acceptance, and identity reconstruction. Patients reported that being heard, respected, and actively involved in treatment had the greatest impact on their sense of psychological support. Perceived psychological support in psychiatric inpatients is a multidimensional phenomenon influenced by the quality of human interactions, inpatient environment structure, and mental–emotional experiences. The findings underscore the necessity of focusing on the humanistic aspects of care, improving communication skills among staff, and enhancing the inpatient setting to promote patients’ mental health.