Comparing the Effectiveness of Mental Rotation and Working Memory Exercises on Selective Attention in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mental rotation and working memory exercises on selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all second-grade primary school students in Kashan, both boys and girls, with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The sample size in this study was 60 students who were randomly divided into three groups of 15 (mental rotation exercises group, working memory exercises, control). The method of selecting the sample group was based on a multi-stage method. GPower version 1.3 specialized software was used to calculate the sample size in this study. The data collection tool included the Stroop Selective Attention Test (1935). A repeated measures analysis of variance test was used to test the hypotheses. The data of this study were analyzed using SPSS-25 statistical software. The results of the study showed that mental rotation and working memory exercises were effective on the selective attention of children with ADHD. The results also showed that working memory exercises were more effective than mental rotation exercises on the selective attention of children with ADHD. The results of the study can help design educational programs based on mental rotation and working memory exercises in schools to improve selective attention in children with ADHD. Psychology and counseling professionals can use these exercises as part of treatment sessions for children with ADHD.