Identifying Psychological Identity Components in Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders: A Thematic Analysis Approach

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the psychological identity components in adolescents with anxiety disorders. This qualitative study employed thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 adolescents (12 girls and 10 boys) diagnosed with anxiety disorders in Tehran. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and interviews continued until theoretical saturation. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo version 12, based on Braun and Clarke’s six-phase framework. Three major themes emerged: self-representation, emotional regulation, and social belonging. Subthemes related to self-representation included negative self-perception, identity confusion, instability in self-image, and perceived inefficacy. Emotional regulation was characterized by avoidant strategies, emotional outbursts, and difficulty managing anxiety. In terms of social belonging, the data revealed social isolation, fear of judgment, rejection sensitivity, and an intense need for acceptance. Anxiety disorders in adolescence can significantly disrupt psychological identity development, resulting in unstable and negative self-images, emotional dysregulation, and diminished social connectedness. These findings underscore the importance of multi-level psychological interventions to support healthy identity formation in anxious adolescents.