Exploring Identity Narratives of Patients Experiencing Lived Dependency on Medication

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the identity narratives of patients with lived experience of drug dependency and to identify the dimensions, challenges, and processes involved in identity reconstruction during recovery. This research employed a qualitative phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 18 patients with a history of drug dependency in Tehran. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Thematic content analysis was conducted using NVivo software to extract main themes and subthemes. The analysis revealed three main themes: “Collapse of Personal Identity,” “Identity Reconstruction in the Therapeutic Process,” and “Tension Between the Former and Emerging Self.” These themes encompassed subthemes such as negative self-concept, internalization of stigma, redefinition of social roles, meaning-making of drug experience, and narrative discontinuity. Participants reported a wide range of experiences including identity dissolution, efforts at self-redefinition, and conflicts with societal and cultural judgments. Many emphasized that successful identity reconstruction required emotional acceptance, therapeutic support, and access to meaningful social roles. The identity of patients with drug dependency is profoundly affected by their experience, undergoing phases of collapse, redefinition, and suspension. Addressing identity dimensions within therapeutic interventions can play a crucial role in enhancing recovery outcomes and preventing relapse. Facilitating alternative identity narratives, reducing social stigma, and strengthening supportive social environments are essential components of effective clinical and social strategies.